Understanding Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Most UTIs are caused by germs called bacteria. The infection may begin because of any of the following:

• Sexual activity. During sex, germs can travel from the penis, vagina, or rectum into the urethra.

• Poor hygiene. If the area isn’t kept clean, germs may collect. Germs on the skin or in the rectum may travel into the urethra.

• Blockage of urine flow through the urinary tract. If urine sits too long, germs may begin to grow out of control.

Parts of the Urinary Tract

The infection can be in any part of the urinary tract.

• The kidneys collect and store urine.

• The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

• The bladder holds urine until you are ready to let it out.

• The urethra carries urine from the bladder out of the body. It is shorter in women. So bacteria can travel up it more easily. It is longer in men. So a UTI is less likely to reach the bladder or kidneys in men.